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How to Restore Timber Sash Windows in Cambridge Many homes in Cambridge have sash windows that are traditional and the homeowners are proud of their appearance. Sash windows can become stuck and become difficult to open or shut. This is usually due to moisture which can cause the timber to expand. Box sash windows were traditionally operated by chains, cotton cords and lead weights. Modern windows with sash springs are concealed to eliminate this issue. 1. Aesthetics Unlike PVC-u windows that are constructed according to imperial sizes that are modular Timber sash windows can be restored to their original size. This allows for the restoration of timber sash windows in order to meet the current energy requirements and to comply with conservation area regulations. It also provides a window that is far superior to the uPVC options. Sliding sash windows were originally only used in large buildings or public buildings, though this changed as production became cheaper and craftsmen could produce larger frames with more glass. By the end of the 18th century, sash windows had become the most popular wooden style in British homes. Sash windows were simple to operate and allowed light to enter rooms without the use of curtains. Early windows were plain glass but by the 17th century sash windows began to become more attractive with coloured glass bars and moulded mullions. They were costly at the beginning but as glass production became cheaper and more efficient, they were an integral feature in many homes of the period. In the 19th century, it was possible to make large, strong glass that did not need supporting bars. This allowed for the frame to be made bigger which, in turn, provided an improved view. This was an important innovation. Another significant improvement was the introduction of the double-hung sliding window at the end of I920s and at the beginning of I930s. This allowed both the lower and upper sash to be opened at the same time and gave improved ventilation to the building. window companies cambridge of sash is constructed from slow-growing deal (pine) but oak was also used in more expensive buildings as well as in earlier examples. It is crucial to maintain the parting bead that separates the sashes. This will prevent rattles and draughts. It is also important that the idler and sash pulley wheels are kept in good working order as they assist in operating the window. 2. Energy efficiency Sash windows replaced hinged cases as larger and clearer sheets became available. They were coated with plate glass that was set within rebated timber frames and secured with glazing sprigs and putty on both sides to create a watertight seal. This kind of glass gradually replaced the leaded light bulbs. The introduction of sashes created an need for a wider range of ironmongery, with the basic fittings being brass pulleys, lead (and later cast iron) weights, sash stoppers, shutter hinges and knobs and a variety of fasteners to hold the sashes in the right place. They were often decorated with designs, inscriptions, and engraved patterns to identify the maker. Sash windows are energy efficient when they are maintained regularly. However, if they are not maintained, they may become drafty and let in cold air. Draughts can also be caused by the deterioration of paint and putty. This issue can be fixed with wood-to-timber products. The replacement window industry relies heavily on the perception that old windows are damaged beyond repair and therefore cannot be maintained economically. However, they can easily be maintained with a little attention. However, these repairs can be expensive and involve considerable disruption to the home. To avoid this homeowners often opt for a complete replacement with PVC-u windows from one the largest 'one stop shop' installation companies. They can replace and remove all the windows in a house in just one day, avoiding the need to co-ordinate different tradesmen, making the whole process much quicker. These windows can be equipped with energy-saving double glazing to get more energy efficient ratings than a traditional windows made of sash. However these double-glazed units are unable to reproduce the proportions and section of historic timber sashes. 3. Security Traditional windows can be made more secure without compromising their aesthetics. Ironmongery such as mortice bolts, sash chain and sash lock could be installed. These can be installed to ensure that the window is able to be opened for ventilation or cleaning. These windows are typically discrete since they are made to complement sash windows. They can be used in conjunction with traditional sash-window catches, which should be replaced with more robust versions (such ones with double screws) or spring levers to decrease the risk of them being hammered out. Sash-window frames were constructed from slow grown deal or, in more luxurious homes made of oak. If the glazing bars remain in good condition and are not damaged, they should be left. If it is possible, the timber cills should be replaced by timber that is compatible with. Many PVC-u firms offer a one-stop shop installation service. They can remove and replace windows on an entire house in just one day, without the need to involve other tradespeople. 4. Ventilation When sash windows first introduced in the 17th century, they allowed a significant amount of light into structures. At the end of the 18th century, they were modified to let more light into rooms, and larger glazing panes began to be manufactured. The result was a much lighter appearance, and windows with a greater quality of design than before. The introduction of sash windows also necessitated the creation of a new line of ironmongery. Early pulleys were made from wood, while later Victorian ones were made from brass or a combination of wood and lead, and there were many kinds of shutter hinges and knobs. These ironmongery pieces should be kept clean and preserved in order to appreciate their exquisite design. To ensure they remain in good condition, wooden windows must be maintained. Inattention to maintenance could lead to: Sashes that do not move effortlessly. holes in the frame allow water causing damage and decay. break down of putty, allowing water penetration that can lead to decay in the frame and cill. Steel casement windows gained popularity in the I920s and I930s because they were strong and slim, cost-effective and complemented the trend for healthy living. Research has shown that softwood sash window are just as effective as PVC-u windows and can even be more attractive. The replacement window industry has made a significant effort to persuade house owners that their windows are dirty, noisy and beyond economic repair. The reality is that many old timber windows are in good condition and with minor repairs could easily be maintained for years to be. 5. Maintenance A traditional sash window needs regular maintenance and inspection. If you fail to maintain your sash window, it could lead to the sash cords breaking and the glazing bars wearing out excessively. It can also cause paint and putty deteriorate. The removal of sashes can also cause structural movement in the frame, causing the sash to not close properly. It is also possible for the sash to be snagged or slammed into an open position and this can let water and draughts enter the property. Moisture penetration is the most common cause of damage to timber windows. This can be avoided with regular maintenance, thorough painting and removing the source of dampness. The paint can be removed to expose the soft, decaying wood. The sections of timber that are rotten should be carefully removed and the affected part should be snared together or pieced together by using replacements of the same kind as the timber that remains. This method of repair maximises the amount of original fabric that is left and is one of the least invasive methods of treating decay of timber to timber. A wood condenser made of resin is a viable alternative to traditional process of sanding or staining. This is brushed onto the surface of the wood to help stabilize it and protect it from further damage. It is particularly useful for treating pulley cords and sash, which can stop breakage. It is essential to preserve and not replace any historical ironmongery, like the sash latches and stays. These items are difficult to replace without damaging the the original design. It is also recommended that the use of modern aluminium fittings, such as chain stays and sash lifts is avoided whenever feasible as they could cause corrosion and deterioration to frames and sashes made of timber.